Danish Butt, M. Rayyan Javed, Owaif Aamir, Muhammad Arbab and Dr. Muhammad Arfan Lodhi 2026. PERCEIVED EFFECTS OF AI TUTORS ON PROGRAMMING SKILL DEVELOPMENT: A CROSS-SECTIONAL SURVEY OF BSCS STUDENTS. Spectrum of Engineering Sciences. 4, 2 (Feb. 2026), 1417–1435.